James M. Wise geologist – South America to the World

Significant geomorphic contrasts exist across the two sides of the continental divide in Peru that are a consequence of dissimilar

Base-metal veins of the Peruvian Andes

Peru is world-renowned as a major silver producer, and much of this metal comes from rich mineral veins that are

Peru has a very unusual historic vanadium deposit called Mina Ragra that was produced from a small open pit located

The hyper-arid contorted mountain range lying just west of San Pedro de Atacama in northern Chile has part of the

Major gold producing regions in the Andes are found in Colombia, northern Peru, and to a lesser extent, northern Chile.

Major deformation events in the Andes have long been recognized as being short events in geological time, pulses when the

A short ways north of Bogotá, Colombia’s capital city, is the presently no longer producing salt mine of Zipaquirá, lying

Visiting caves in South America is not a prime tourist item, and many of the caves have not been developed

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